Deep learning
In machine learning one of the hottest topics recent has been deep learning. While the computer learns in this method with multiple levels of neural networks it's quite far from how we as humans learn.
There are different levels in our learning as well. Sometimes we just pick up random trivia or light topics. Other times we might need to study a bit more when we encounter a problem we can't yet solve with our current knowledge. Or we want to do something new and need to start from the basics.